Joang ho fumana holim sebakeng sekotwaneng sa?

The sekotwaneng o sebelisa thepa e thahasellisang thuto ea lipalo le ho o tsejoa ho batho ba ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo. Baemeli ba bang ba likolo tse ea boholo-holo Segerike oa ho nahana hore likaroloana tsa motheo (liathomo) tse etsang lefatšeng la rōna, na le sebopeho sa sekotwaneng sa, 'me mysticism le esoteric esita rapela palo ena. Kajeno baemedi parascience tlotloa sekotwaneng hlollang makgetha a matla.

Sekotwaneng - ho mokhabo phethahetseng, e mong oa tse hlano-butle ba ise ba nyalane. Ise ba nyalane 'mele - e tšoanetseng selotlolo faceted palo, tse khotsofatsang maemo a mararo:

1. metshetshe lona All 'me lifahleho baa lekana.

2. dikhutloteng pakeng tsa lintho tse sa ba (ka dikhutloteng pakeng lifahleho sekotwaneng baa lekana le likhato 90).

3. Lipalo All amana holim holimo ya boemong maemo ho potoloha.

E tobileng palo ea lipalo tsena bitsoa Segerike setsebi sa lipalo Theaetetus ba Athene, le thaka ea Plato, Euclid bukeng bo13 la tšimolohong ile a ba fa e qaqileng tlhaloso lipalo.

Bagerike ba boholo-holo ba nang le tšekamelo ea ho sebelisa divariabole ditirisanommogo ho hlalosa sebopeho sa lefatše la rōna, khomaretse ho ba ise ba nyalane-butle tebileng sacral morero. Ba ne ba lumela hore e mong le ya litšoantšo emela tšimoloho ea bokahohleng: tetraheterone - mollo sekotwaneng - lefatše, octahedron - moea icosahedron - metsi dodecahedron - phenylate. Boholo o hlalosoa ka bophara ba tšoantšetsa phetheho, ke Molimo.

Ho joalo, sekotwaneng, boetse o bitsoa hexahedron (ho tloha ka Segerike "hex" - 6.), - a mararo tlhakore kamehla thutatekanyo sebopeho. E boetse e bitsoa kamehla quadrangular porisime kapa parallelepiped likhutlo li 'nè.

A sekotwaneng lifahleho tse tšeletseng, metshetshe leshome le metso, 'me ke divertise robeli. Ka palo ena, o ka kenya ba bang kamehla polyhedra: tetraheterone (tetraheterone ka metshetshe ka mokgwa wa dikhutlotharo), le octahedron (octahedron) le icosahedron (icosahedron).

Sekotwaneng diagonale o bitsoa karolo tlohang pedi ditshwani ka ho tshwana le setsi sa ka holimo. Ho tseba sekotwaneng bohale bolelele ya, o ka fumana bolelele ba diagonale v Le: v Le = sa ^3.

Ka sekotwaneng sa, joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ka holimo, ka ngotsoe boemong, e radius ea boemong ngotsoe (denoted dagelever) o lekana le halofo ea bolelele bohale: dagelever = (1/2) ka.

Ha ho pharalla ha sekotwaneng tse hlalositsoeng ka bophara, e radius ea boemong (denoted R) o lekana le: R = (3/2) ka.

ho tloaelehile hore batho haholo ka mathata sekolong ka potso ena: joang ho a bale sebaka seo holim 'a sekotwaneng sa? bonolo haholo, feela mahlo a kelello sekotwaneng. Holim 'a sekotwaneng sa na le lifahleho tse tsheletseng ka mokgwa wa dikwere. Ka lebaka leo, e le hore ho fumana holim sebakeng sekotwaneng, ke ea pele ho hlokahala hore ho fumana sebaka seo ba e mong oa lifahleho le ho eketseha palo ea tsona: S _{n g} = ^{2 6a.}

Feela ha re ntse re ba fumane holim sebakeng sekotwaneng sa, a bale sebakeng sa lifahleho tsa lona lateral: S _b-= 4a ^2.

From moralo ona ho hlakile hore e 'meli bo fapaneng lifahleho tsa sekotwaneng - e botlaaseng,' me e mong a mane - lehlakoreng holim.

Ho fumana holim sebakeng sekotwaneng e ka ba tsela e 'ngoe. Fuoa 'nete ea hore sekotwana - e epoka kamienna, u ka sebelisa khopolo ea litekanyo tse tharo tlhaloganya sebaka. Sena se bolela hore sekotwana, e le motho ea hlaheletseng tse tharo-tlhakore has 3 entsprechen: bolelele (a) 'me bophara (b) le bophahamo (c).

Sebedisa ditekanyetso tsena, re a bale kakaretso holim'a sebaka sa sekotwaneng sa: S _{n g} = 2 (ke ab + lenaihana + kelowna bc).

Ho a bale sebakeng sa lehlakoreng holim 'a sekotwaneng sa, pherimitha ya botlaaseng ho eketseha ka bophahamo: S _b-= 2c (a + b).

Moqolo oa sekotwaneng sa - ke sehlahisoa ea likarolo tse tharo - bophahamo, bophara le bolelele:
V = ABC kapa metshetshe a mararo haufi: V = sa ^3.