Jeremane setereke ea sechaba ea Altai Territory: tsamaiso, motse

Jeremane setereke ea sechaba ea Altai Territory fetohile lehae la ho Mennonites ka mathoasong a lilemo tsa XVIII. Litho tsa sechaba sena ba bolumeli ba ne ba atisa ho a tlameha ho siea mahae a bona ho ea batla sebaka seo ba ne ba sa ba tla hlorisoa. Mehleng ea rōna, ka karolo e nyenyane ea seterekeng sa phela litloholo tsa bajaki ba pele ba Mennonites Sejeremane.

Mennonites

Sena se ba bolumeli ba Boprostanta setjhaba, thehoa ka Netherlands ka mathoasong a lekholo XVI. E thehiloe neprotivlenchestvo hore bontša oona ka ho hana ho nka lihlomo, le le ho feta e le hore a sebelisa khahlanong le batho ba bang.

E ne e tla bonahala eka Menno Simons, mothehi oa thupelo, e lokela ho ba haholo ka balateli ba kapa, bonyane, ba lokela ho ba le tlhompho e lebaka la ho hana ho loana, empa ha e le hantle tsohle e ne e fapane. Ka thata-sebetsa le ea ratang khotso Mennonites hana ho ea lebothong, eo halefisa ba boholong, 'me ha ho qoba conscription ne ke ha khoneha, feela ho ea sechaba kaofela le ho ba ile ba fallela naheng e' ngoe.

E tsokoang pele bajaki hlahile ka lilemo tse 50 tsa lekholo la lilemo la XVI, ha ba ne ba tlameha ho baleha ho tloha ho hlorisoa ha Lekhotla le Otlang Bakhelohi. The Mennonites Russia tlile ka memo ea Catherine II lilemong tsa bo-XVIII morao. Ba ne ba 228 ba malapa a, e leng ba ile ba lokolloa ho tsoa sesole le tšebeletso ea sechaba, ho fana ka acres tse fetang 60 tsa naha e mong.

Pele e ile leo ho ahiloeng ho Chortitza Colony, joale Melitopol setereke, 'me qalong ea karolong e ka XIX lekholong la lilemo la ba lelapa, e neng e ka nako eo tse ngata, o ile a ea Siberia, moo a ileng a hamorao rutehileng setereke Jeremane ea sechaba ea Altai Territory.

Education setereke

Ha, ka 1907, 3 baemeli ba tsoang malapeng 180 ba ile ba ea buisana ho Stolypin, ho bua ka monyetla oa ho fallela batho ba fetang 800 Siberia, ha ho motho ka be a ile a nahana hore sena se sebakeng ikemetseng tla hōla nakong e tlang.

Nicholas II ka boeena o qolla tsoa bakeng Mennonite Majeremane acres 60.000 naha ka boemo hore ba ne ba tla se lema le hlokomela, 'me joale nakong 1908-1910, ho na le e ne e le ho fedisa ea sebakeng seo a totobatsa.

Ka 1927, qeto ea Komiti ea Phethahatso Central ile ha hlophisoa ke Jeremane ea Setereke National ea Altai Territory le setsi sa taolo a ka le. Halbstadt (1908 g). Ka 1938 ho ile ha etsoa qhaloa, empa e ile ea boela ke molao-taelo oa Phahameng Union ea Russia ka 1991 ho meeli e tšoanang, moo ho ne ho.

Majeremane a matsoalloa a moo, ao e leng litloholo tsa Mennonite pele, setse sebaka sena lilemong 90, 'me kajeno ke lehae la fetang 50% Russia, 40% ea Russified Majeremane le 10% - lichaba tse ling.

Jeremane motse National ka Region Altai, hammoho ikarabella ka holimonyana feela ho tse 17 tse sekete. Man.

Krrish County

Ho fetisisa ea baahi ba e kopanela temo le ho hōlisa liphoofolo tse ruiloeng. setereke ke kholo ka ho fetisisa pontshi lema naha: ka 1432 km lisekoere naha lengwang etsa km lisekoere 1243. Ka lebaka la boemo ba lona e khethehileng ea setereke Jeremane ea sechaba ea Altai Territory fumana dithuso tsa ditjhelete ho tswa Jeremane le tsamaiso lebatowa. Mohlala, ka thuso ea bona ka lebaka la ho lilemo tse 20 tse fetileng ho ea hahileng ntlo e ncha e nang le e leng kakaretso ea 168 flats, nama, tse entsoeng ka lebese le leloala.

lijalo tse ka sehloohong hōlileng ka ho profinseng eo - ea koro le sonobolomo, meroho le furu. setereke le na le oli ea eona e leloala, e thitelo, e boroso lebenkele le 3 dairies.

baahi

Bohale ba motseng oo ba fapaneng hantle-koetlisetsa, hantle-etselitsoeng, ba ba le e ngata moorage le lirapa e ntle ka pele. Mohlala, Podsosnovo (Altay, Jeremane setereke National) - e toropong ho fetisisa sebetsang. Thehiloe ka 1894, motseng oo e ile ea fetoha sebaka sa phalliso ea Majeremane tsoang sebakeng Volga, e ne e se na naha e lekaneng bakeng sa mong le e mong.

Ka bomalimabe, ho na le liketsahalo tse Russia ho tloha qalong ea phetohelo e ho fihlela 1991, se ile sa etsa hore ha e le hantle hore ho tloha phelang likarolong tsena ho fihlela ka 1917 70,000 Majeremane ke hona joale hoo e ka bang ha ho motho oa tsamaea. Exoda ile ea qala ka 90s, ha ho fetisisa ea baahi ba matsoalloa a moo ho ne ho tsoetse naheng ea habo bona ea histori le setso sebopeho fetoha haholo bohale.

E tšoanang e sebetsa ho motseng oa Field (Altai Territory, Jeremane National District). Ho e thehiloe ke baemeli ba sechaba Mennonite ka 1908. Ka nako eo, se ne se le baahi ba ka batho ba 119 feela, 'me butle-butle e ile ea eketseha ka bongata ho fihlela 90s pele. Ho tloha ka 1999, palo ea batho e fokotseha, ka lebaka la ho emigration bona Jeremane.

Ho fihlela joale, tsamaiso ea Sejeremane ea Setereke National ea Altai Territory, teng motseng oa Halbstadt, e fana ka sale matlo a bakeng sa bajaki. Karolelano ea theko ea malapeng a batho litoropong tse khōlō joaloka bophirima, Podsosnovo, setsing tsamaiso le litšenyehelo tsa 300 000 li-ruble. theko Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore metsana ba a hlomelloa le futhumatsang bohareng le tsamaiso ea likhoerekhoere, ba likolo, kindergartens, setso le mekhatlo ea lichelete.

tsa dibopeho tsa motheo bohale

Jeremane ea Setereke Altai motse le otlolle ka ka bitsoa. Di kahoo o ile a lokisetsa hantle, e leng ho feta joaloka metse e mahareng-boholo bo lekaneng European. Hoo e ka bang mong le e mong motse o na le tlelabo le sekolong, sepetlele motseng oa Cusack, e polyclinic ka Halbstadt.

Pele leqhubu la emigration ka 90s sebakeng sa atleha setso le meetlo ea Sejeremane, ho ne ho koranta e 'ngoe ka Sejeremane. Ho jwale e hatisoa ka Serussia, e le Majeremane a ileng a fallela mona ho tloha Kazakhstan, ba Russia-ho bua.

Motseng ho na le Jeremane Field Center, e leng mabotho mekete, tse baeti khafetsa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba tsoang Jeremane.

bajaki

Hona joale, ka bohale Jeremane fallela ba lakatsang ho fumana boemo khethehileng tsa baahi lona le le monyetla oa ho ntšetsa pele emigration ho Jeremane, empa tla le batho ba batlang ho khutlela ho tloha Europe.

Ea bobeli ke haholo-holo amohelehile, e le mabapi bona ho Jeremane, moo e ne e le bana ba le litloholo, e tla thusa hlasimolla meetlo ea khale ea Majeremane letsoalloa metseng ea moo.