Hydraulic tlhahlobo ea liphaephe tsa ho futhumatsa lisebelisoa

Tshebetso e sebetsang le e tsitsitseng ea ho futhumatsa e ka fana ka bophelo bo khutsitseng le bo tloaelehileng ba baahi nakong ea mariha. Ka nako e 'ngoe ho na le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea maemo a feteletseng, moo ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso e ka fapaneng haholo le maemo a sechaba. Ho hlahlojoa ha li-pipeline le li-crimping ho hlokahala hore ho thibeloe maemo a ka hlahang nakong ea futhumatsang.

Morero oa liteko tsa hydraulic

E le molao, tsamaiso leha e le efe ea futhumatsang e sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Khatello ea khatello ea mekhabiso e tlaase ea phalliso e tlase e le 2, ho na le mehaho e robong ea bolulo - e 5-7 atm, mehaho e mengata-ea 7-10. Nakong ea tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa mocheso, o behoa ka tlas'a lefatse, letšoao la khatello le ka fihla ho 12.

Ka linako tse ling ho na le marotholi a sa lebelloang a khatello, e leng se lebisang hoketseho ea eona marang-rang. Ka lebaka leo, ho hlaha tšabo ea metsi. Ho hlahlojoa ha li-pipilisi tsa liphaephe tsa metsi a futhumatsang ho hlokahala hore ho hlahlojoe tsamaiso e seng feela bakeng sa ho khona ho sebetsa tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng a tloaelehileng, empa hape le bokhoni ba eona ba ho hlōla litšisinyeho tsa metsi.

Haeba, ka mabaka a itseng, tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa ha ea hlahlojoa, joale ka mor'a hore ho be le likotsi tse tebileng tsa likotsi tsa motlakase ho tla lebisa moroallo oa metsi a belang ka likamore, lisebelisoa, thepa ea thepa, joalo-joalo.

Ho latellana ha mosebetsi

Etsa liteko tsa li-hydraulic tsa liphaephe ka tatellano e latelang.

• Ho hloekisa liphaephe.
• Ho kenya li-cranes, li-plug le likarolo tsa khatello.
• Metsi le mochine oa khatiso ea li-hydraulic li kopantsoe .
• Lipereipi li tletse metsi ho bohlokoa bo hlokahalang.
• Ho hlahlojoa liphaephe le ho tšoaea libaka tseo liphoso li fumanoeng li etsoang.
• Ho felisoa ha litšitiso.
• Ho khanna teko ea bobeli.
• Ho thibela metsi le metsi a tsoang liphaepheng.
• Ho tlosoa likhahla tsa pola le khatello.

Mosebetsi oa ho itokisa

Pele o etsa liteko tsa li-hydraulic ea liphaephe tsa ho futhumatsa lisebelisoa, ho hlokahala hore u hlahlobe li-valve tsohle, tlatsa likokoana-hloko ka litšoelesa. Lisebelisoa li lokisoe mme li hlahlobe ho kenya letsoho. Lenaneo la ho futhumatsa ka boeona le tlameha ho aroloa ho tloha ka pipeline e kholo ka li-plug.

Ka mor'a ho etsa lintho tsohle tse hlokahalang, tsamaiso ea futhumatsang e tletse metsi. Ka thuso ea thepa ea ho phunya, ho hatelloa ho tlōla tekano, ponts'o ea eona e ka ba ka linako tse ling tse tharo ho isa ho tse tharo ho feta ho sebetsa. Khatello e hlahisoang mofuteng oa ho futhumatsa e lokela ho bolokoa ka metsotso e meng e 30. Haeba e sa fokotsehe, tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa e loketse ho sebetsa. Ho amoheloa ha mesebetsi ka li-hydraulic tests ho etsoa ke ho hlahloba mocheso oa marang-rang.

Liteko tsa matla le seriti

Ho qala le ho amoheloa ha lisebelisoa tsa lipeipi (SNiP 3.05.04-85) ho tlameha ho etsoa ka tatellano e itseng.

Matla

1. Ka phaepe, khatello e eketseha ho ea tekong (P _le ) ka ho phunya metsi 'me e bolokiloe ka metsotso e 10. U se ke ua theola khatello e fetang 1 kgf / m ² (0.1 MPa).
2. Khatello ea teko e fokotsehile hore e be khatello ea moqapi (P _p ) kahare, ebe e hlokomeloa ka ho kha metsi. Li-pipeline li hlahlojoa bakeng sa bokooa nakong eo ho hlokahalang hore e etse tlhahlobo ena.
3. Mathata a fumanoeng a felisoa, joale teko ea phepelo ea motlakase e phetoang hangata e etsoa. Ke feela ka mor'a sena, ho khoneha ho tsoela pele ka tlhahlobo ea leak.

Matla

1. Ka phaepe, khatello e phahama ho ea tekanyo ea teko ea ho tsoa (P _g ).
2. Nako ea pele ea teko e tsitsitsoe (T _н ), tekanyo ea pele ea metsi (h _н ) e lekantsoe ka tanka ea ho lekanya.
3. Ka mor'a moo, khatello ea lipeipi e fokotsehile.

Ho na le dikgetho tse tharo tse ka khonehang bakeng sa ho theoha khatellong, re tla li tšohla.

Ea pele

Haeba pele ho metsotso e 10 mochine oa khatello o fokotseha ka tlase ho 2 matšoao a khatello ea khatello, empa hape ha o fokotsehe ka hare ho palo (Pp), ebe u ka phetha tlhaloso.

Ea bobeli

Haeba ka mor'a metsotso e 10 khatello e theoha ka marotholi a ka tlaase ho 2 ho tekanyo ea khatello, joale ho hlahloba khatello ho ea ka hare (P _p ) ho lekantsoe ho lokela ho ts'oaroa ho fihlela e oela ka tlase ho 2 matšoao ka tekanyo ea khatello.

Nako ea ho shebella liphaephe tsa konkreite tse matlafetseng ha ea lokela ho feta lihora tse 3, bakeng sa lipeipi tsa tšepe, tšepe le samente ea asbestos - 1 hora. Ka mor'a nako e behiloeng, khatello e lokela ho theohela mohatsong oa mochine (P _p ), ho seng joalo metsi a tsoang liphaepheng a kenngoa ka har'a tanka ea ho lekanya.

Ea boraro

Haeba ka mor'a metsotso e 10 khatello e ba tlase ho e ka hare ho mochini oa khatello (P _p ), joale ho hlahlojoa ha liphaephetso tsa ho futhumatsa ho lokela ho emisoa le litekanyo tse nkiloeng ho felisa bokooa bo patiloeng ka ho boloka liphaephe ka har'a khatello ea ka hare (Pp) ho fihlela kamora tlhahlobo e haufi Ho ke ke ha e-ba le litšitiso tse tla etsa hore khatello e sa amoheleheng e theohe ka phaepe.

Qeto ea metsi a mangata a mangata

Ka mor'a hore ho behoe letšoao la khatello ea khatello bakeng sa khetho ea pele le ho felisoa ha ho phomola ha motlakase ho latela sekhetho sa bobeli se phethiloe, se latelang se lokela ho etsoa.

• Ka ho phunya ho tloha tankeng ea tekanyo ea metsi, khatello ea lipeipi e eketseha ho ea bohlokoa ho li-hydraulic tests (P _g ).
• Ho bohlokoa ho hopola nako eo tlhahlobo ea leakproofness (T _k ) e phethiloeng.
• Joale ho hlokahala hore u lekanyetse ntlha ea ho qetela ea metsi h _k tanka ea ho lekanya.
• Fumana nako ea ho hlahlojoa ha lipeipi (T _k- T _n ), metsotsoana.
• Bala palo ea metsi e kenngoa tanka ea ho lekanya Q (bakeng sa kgetho ea pele).
• Fumana phapang lipakeng tsa metsi a phunyeletsoeng le ho tsoa lipipong kapa palo ea metsi a mangata a pumped-Q Q (bakeng sa phapang ea bobeli).
• Bala palo ea phallo ea metsi a pumped (q _n ) ho ea ka mokhoa o latelang: q _n = Q / (T _k- T _n )

Ho etsa ketso

Setifikeiti seo mesebetsi eohle e se etsoang ke ketso ea ho hlahlojoa ha lipeipi tsa metsi. Tokomane ena e hlophisitsoe ke mohlophisi mme e netefatsa hore mosebetsi o ne o etsoa ho latela melao le litaelo tsohle, le hore tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa e ba mametse ka katleho.

Ho hlahlojoa ha li-pipeline ho na le mekhoa e 'meli e meholo:

1. Manometric mokhoa - liteko li etsoa ka likarolo tsa khatello, lisebelisoa tse tlalehang lintlha tsa khatello. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, lisebelisoa tsena li bonts'a khatello ea hona joale tsamaisong ea futhumatsang. Ho hlahlojoa ha li-pipe ka metsi ho sebelisa manometer ho lumella mohloli hore a hlahlobe hore na ke eng e bakang khatello nakong ea tlhahlobo. Ka hona, moenjiniere oa tšebeletso le mohlohlobi ba hlahloba kamoo liteko li ka tšeptjoang kateng.
2. Mekhoa ea hydrostatic e nkoa e le e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa, e u lumella ho hlahloba tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ka khatello e feta palo e tloaelehileng ea ho sebetsa ka 50%.

Likarolo tse fapaneng tsa tsamaiso li hlahlojoa ka linako tse fapaneng, ha ho hlahlojoa ha li-pipeline ho ke ke ha nka nako e ka tlaase ho metsotso e 10. Ha ho futhumatsa lisebelisoa, lerotholi la khatello ea tumello le nkoa e le 0.02 MPa.

Boemo bo ka sehloohong bakeng sa ho qala ha nako ea ho futhumatsa bo etsoa hantle 'me bo entsoe ka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho hlahlojoa ha liphaephe (SNiP 3.05.04-85), ho ea ka litlhoko tsa litokomane tsa hona joale tsa taolo.