Gydansky hloahloeng: mobung, boemo ba leholimo, e le naha. Reserve ka hloahloeng Gydan

Gydan Hloahloeng sehlōhō leholimo tsebahalang mobung ea oli le khase. Empa ha feela. Ka sebaka sa eona ke pokello ea. Seo liphoofolo tse phela naha le ka leoatle hore e ntse e hōla ho na le, bala sehlooho se reng.

Moo ke Hloahloeng Gydansky?

Ho e teng karolong e ka leboea ea lithota tsa Siberia ba Yamalo-Nenets ikemetseng ka Setereke. hloahloeng e hlatsoa ke Leoatle Kara. Territory Gydan hloahloeng nka km a mane ka bolelele le e ngata ka bophara. holim'a lona e emeloang ke lithoteng maralleng entsoe mobung leoatleng le glacial, ka lehlakoreng le ka boroa ea fetang ka leralla.

E bitsoa Taman, bophahamo ba eona e - limithara tse makholo a mabeli. Gydan Hloahloeng, moo boemo ba leholimo e sehlōhō, ke sebaka sa Taz sebakeng sa Yamal le Taimyr District, Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Boemo ba leholimo ba Yamalo-Nenets ikemetseng ka District

Energy ya phapanyetsano mocheso le tsamaisoa tse sepakapakeng itšetlehile ka mahlaseli ho letsatsi. E tla ba efe ea hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya tšekamelo ea mahlaseli a letsatsi a ikemiselitse lefelo la sebakeng seo ka ho khetheha. Ka hloahloeng Gydan mong disentimitara sebakeng lisekoere fumana ho mashome a supileng lik'hilojule tsa mahlaseli a kotsi a letsatsi.

Palo ea matsatsi a ka selemo le mocheso ka holimo ho noto - lekholo le le makholo a mahlano le leshome. Mariha, ajoa sepakapakeng e ka tlasa Asia High. Le fokolisang hae seterekeng sa fetohe phunyeletse matšoele moea ho tloha Leoatleng la Atlantic. Ka nako ena, ho na le fihla e ho futhumala ha le qhibilihisa, haholo ea lehloa.

Mariha ka Gydan Hloahloeng ke telele ka ho fetisisa a klimate a nako ea tsona. Ka Arctic e nka likhoeli tse robeli. Bonyane ho feletseng mocheso ke ho tloswa likhato tse mashome a tšeletseng-e 'ngoe. The lehloa sekoahelo sa eona fihla mashome a supileng - mashome a robeli emetse disentimitara. E itšetlehile ka libakeng oa setereke. Nako tsitsitseng serame nka ho fihlela ho matsatsi a makholo a mabeli.

Gydan lehlabuleng ka hloahloeng karolelano mocheso khoeli - likhato tse leshome ka holimo ho noto. lekhetlong lena litlaleho tsa khoeli ea July, ha a rothelang ho pula lebetsoeng le. Kantle ke tundra. Mona ba ka bongata oela ka August.

Hoetla ka Gydan Hloahloeng le hlaha ka mocheso le tlase likhato tse leshome. September le October ba tšoauoa ka ea fokotseha butle-butle ka mocheso le khafetsa solaire. Mountain libakeng tse le tundra hoammeng fumana qetellong ea August.

pokello Gydansky

Letsatsing la sebopeho lona e leshome le metso e robong mashome a robong-botšelela selemo. Ka morero oa ho bōptjoa ha pokello e - ho boloka mofuta mabapi le tshusumetso e entsoeng ke motho ka sebakeng oli le khase morolo. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, geologists le drillers teba hataketse likhama makhulong le ho tsoma tšebetso ea mechine e boima. Karolo ea letša leo e tšelloa chefo ke effluents le tharollo, ferekanngoa ea tikoloho ea tlhaho ea linonyana le liphoofolo. Gydan pokello ka hloahloeng e le ea bohlokoa haholo ka ho pholosa nonyana flyway, e phallang hammoho le lebōpo Asia ea leboea.

Ho oa ho fela pokello Tyumen. sebaka lona ke Taz sebakeng. pokello e ae phethang hloahloa Gydansky, Yavay, likhama, mammoth le lihlekehlekeng tse nyenyane. E leng sebaka se ea hectars 878.174.000. The pokello tšimong ea - thota naha e bonolo, steeply mekgokolosa. Ho na le leqhoa, hlephileng mobung le leqhoa tse matla fatše, le botenya ho tseo tse ke limithara tse 4-5. sebaka sa ka ho feletseng koahetsoe ke permafrost ho fihlela ho limithara tse makholo a mararo e tebileng. July ho August li nkoa e le likhoeli tse warmest ea selemo, 'me ka January - the batang ka mocheso ka ho feletseng bonyane - ho tloswa likhato tse mashome a tšeletseng e meraro.

mehlodi ya metsi

North Reserve e moeling oa leoatle a batang ka Serussia Arctic - Kara. The kholo ka ho fetisisa libaka mose lefatšeng ke tšimong ena. Ka hona, metsi a hloekileng tsa linōka phallang ka leoatleng ama e ka hare ho km tse likete tse peli ho tloha molomo. Pontshi liphetoho metsi letsoai le metsing. Le ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa West Siberia le Leoatle Kara na le Yenisei le ob,. Mora oa liphallelo tsa leoatle le kemiso Ho thehoa phallang noka. Linōka Nutrition e qhibiliha glaciers. Lehlabuleng nōka tletse ka metsi, empa e se ho 'ona le ho honyenyane haholo. A tse nyenyane rivulet hatsele ho tlase mariha. tundra noka e matsoelintsoeke haholo. Letšeng e sa tebang, kahoo nakong ea mariha le hatsele fetang botebo kaofela. Metsi ke boholo ba bona ba tlaase ka liminerale.

limela pokello

Ho fapana le e ka boroa Yamal Hloahloeng Gydan hamorao e hlaha krupnotabunnoe likhama le ntshetsopele ya hloahloeng. E phetha karolo ea ka paballo ea mobu le limela tse foromo ba bona ba tlhaho. Naha ea lihlekehleke tsa Leoatle Kara le libaka ka leboea ea hloahloeng hapa Gydan bare fatše le limela tse mebala-bala, e leng e thehiloe ke boriba, hahabang lihlahla, boriba le joang, tse laoloang ke sedges. The pokello tšimong ea ruileng ka bogs rarahaneng mmuisi teng likarolong tse ka tlaase ea watersheds le floodplains. Libakeng tse ling moo letšeng omeletse, jala makhulo le sparse limela herbaceous.

Mofuta wa sebaka sena ka lilemo tse makholo susumetsoa ke batho ba matsoalloa - Nenets. Ba fula likhomo, ho rema lifate le lihlahla, mello ho khethehileng lokisetsa ho atolosa sebaka sa makhulo e fula. Hona joale boroa tsa pokello atile larch. Bohareng - e alder, e tloaelehileng ea moemeli oa tundra subzone. Flora na ho fihlela ho mefuta e makholo a mabeli ea limela. palo ena e fapana ho itšetlehile ka sebaka ka.

Linonyana le liphoofolo

Liphoofolo Reserve le monyenyane. Mesaletsa e moholo ea ka kakaretso mammoth ea lilemo tse mashome a mahlano tse sekete. The Red Book la Federation ea Russia e eketswa Siberia Sturgeon le bosehla accreditato, loon, Lesser White-greylag le Red-breasted Goose, khantsi nyenyane le lenong, Orlan - gelada, 'me bere Polar, walrus le e ka leboea pop lady maruarua. Kaofela ha bona ba - baahi ba hloahloeng.

Gydan Hloahloeng, moo pokello ke tumme ka nesting Red-Gagra, tšoeu-greylag likhantsi, letata, nako e telele-gelada letata, King Eider, Rock Ptarmigan, sandpiper-vorobeya, Asia Pacific Golden Plover le ba bang ba bangata. Mona weave lihlaha le linonyana tsa liphofu tsa bona - peregrine phakoe le kaba-maoto buzzard.

Ka pokello ea phela shrews insectivorous, litoeba, lemmings, libatana: libere tse tšoeu, 'me ka ea lehlabula le tsona sootho, liphiri, liphokojoe, liphokojoe. Ke lehae la ho likhama tse hlaha le likhama, e leng moeti feela ba libaka tsa moo.

Baahi ba beisine ea metsi

The hlatsoa metsi pokello e fumana Sturgeon, lamprey Siberia, Arctic Char - moemeli oa litlhapi tsa salmon. E lebōpong la leoatle le metsi ka hare ho naha ateloa Grayling, tšoeu litlhapi tsa salmon, Tugun, Arctic omul, tsa whitefish le mefuta e meng e mengata ea litlhapi.

Noka pokello tletse burbot, stickleback le ruff. Nakong e fetileng, metsi a lebōpong la leoatle karolong e ka leboea ea pokello eo e ne e tletse walruses le liqibi. Joale popego ya mmele walrus ka linako tse ling o ile a re ka White hloahloa. La dimela cetacean ke lehae la maruarua beluga, narwhals le maruarua pop lady.

tšimo Gyda

Karolong e qalang ea morolo amana le sixties ea lekholo la mashome a mabeli. lithuto tsa ka li ne li khanna sebedisa phuputso e entsoeng litšisinyeho tsa lefatše tsa mokhoa oa maqhubu a bonahatsa. Khanna batla mesebetsi mose ho ile ha hlophisoa ka nineties ea tse lekholo tse fetileng. Ka mor'a ho ithuta lintlha tse hlakileng ka liphello tsohle fumana Kamennomysskoye-ho ile ha fumanoa le sebopeho ka leboea le lebitso e tšoanang.

Mokhahlelo oa tlang ka ntshetsopele ya mehlodi ya matsoai ya metsi e lebōpong la leoatle - 1999. Tsohle ne a ikemiselitse ho etsa bonnete ba hore boitšoaro ba pele tlhotlhomisa cheka liliba mose. E ile ea phethahala ka mor'a selemo, ka lebaka hore liindasteri khase behang mobung ho ne ho hlomamisoa. Selemo tšoanang tšoauoa mosebetsi litšisinyeho tsa lefatše ka ba lokisetsa ho ea ho cheka tlhotlhomisa sebakeng le Chugoryahinskoy ob, mehaho e, moo ka 2002 ho libaka tsena o ile a bula mobung khase Cenomanian.

Ho tloha ka nako eo, le tlas'a maemo a tlwaelehileng mosebetsi metsing a hloahloeng. New masimo a Gydan Hloahloeng rera 'mapeng' me ba qale ntshetsopeleng bona liindasteri. Hona joale, ba ile ba ba le boima ba lithane tse halofo ea milione dozen ea oli, litrillione tse peli limithara tse dikubita tsa khase le boima ba lithane tse limilione tse mashome a mane tsa condensate lona.