EGP South Africa: tlhaloso, litšobotsi tse, libōpeho khōlō le lintlha tse thahasellisang

South Africa ke e 'ngoe ea ruileng dinaheng Afrika. Ho kopanya khale le ea sejoale-joale, 'me sebaka sa e mong oa motse-moholo - tse tharo. Sehlooho se latelang se hlalosa kamoo EGP South Africa, jeokrafi le litšobotsi tsa boemo bona bo hlollang.

Overview

boemo A tsebahalang lefatšeng ka South Africa, batho ba moo ba ne ba e bitsa ea Azan. lebitso la sena ba kena matsatsing a maano a segregation 'me a sebelisa ea baahi African matsoalloa ka sebelisa mekhoa e meng ea puso ea bokoloni. Ho phaella tabeng ea ho reha lebitso naha, ho na le tse 11 naheng semmuso mabitso, e leng e tse amanang le mefuta e fapaneng ya dipuo naha.

EGP South Africa le lintho tse ngata molemo ka ho eketsehileng ho feta linaheng tse ling tse ngata k'honthinenteng ena. Sena ke African naha feela eo e leng karolo ea e kholo mashome a mabeli. Ba tla mona bakeng sa litaemane le maikutlo. E mong le e ba liprofinse tse robong tsa Afrika Boroa e na le naha ea eona, tikoloho ea tlhaho le ea merabe sebopeho, eo hohela palo e kholo ea bahahlauli. Naha e na le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo motso naha le plesieroorde a mangata.

Ho ba teng ha lihlooho tse tharo, mohlomong, o phaella ka ho ikhethang tsa Afrika Boroa. Di aroloa pakeng tsa mekhatlo e sa tšoaneng 'muso. Pretoria ke 'muso oa naha eo, hoo motse oo o e nkoa e le ka pele-pele le motse-moholo. Basebeletsi ba tsa toka, e emeloang ke Lekhotla le Phahameng ka Bloemfontein. Ka Cape Town, ke oa ho haha Paramente.

EGP South Africa: bokhutšoanyane

mmuso e teng ka Southern Africa, e moeling oa India le Atlantic maoatle. Karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ho baahelani ba Afrika Boroa ba Mozambique le Swaziland, ka leboea-bophirimela ho - Namibia e ka leboea haufi le leliboho naheng bolella Botswana le Zimbabwe. Haufi le Drakensberg Mountains teng enclave Lesotho 'Muso.

Ke sebaka (1,221,912 sq. Km) ke Sar 24 lefatšeng. Ka boholo ke phahametse UK tse ka bang hlano linako tse ling. Litšobotsi tse EGP South Africa ne e ke ke ka ho feletseng ntle le tlhaloso ya lebōpo, e leng bolelele ba kakaretso ea 2798 km SE. Lithaba lebōpo la naha e sa haholo dissected. Karolong e ka bochabela ea Bay ke St. Helina le sa Cape ea Good Hope. Ho boetse ho na le likou le coves ea St. Francis, Falsbey, Algoa, Walker, ja kamore. Cape Agulhas ke ntlha ka boroa ea k'honthinente e.

fihlella Wide ho maoatle tse peli phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho South Africa EGP. Hammoho le lebōpo la mmuso ke litsela leoatle ho tloha Europe ho Afrika-Bochabela Asia le Bochabela bo Hōle.

pale

EGP South Africa e hase kamehla ho 'nile ea e le' ngoe. Ka liphetoho lona ama liketsahalo tse sa tšoaneng tsa histori ka ho mmuso. Leha metsaneng qala ho hlaha mona ho e le qalo ea mehla ea rōna, li fetohele bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa oa Afrika Boroa EGP ka nako e ile ea etsahala ho tloha XVII ho XX lekholong la lilemo la.

Baahi ba Europe, e emeloang ke Sedache, Majeremane le French Huguenots, o ile a qala ho lula naheng ea Republic of South Africa ka 1650s le. Pele ho mona, linaha tsena Bantu phetse Coy chelete ea tšepe, Bushmen, 'me ba bang. The fihla ha ralikolone e ile ea etsa hore letoto la mohlabani le baahi ba sebakeng seo.

Ho tloha ka 1795 ho colonizer ka sehloohong e ba UK. 'Muso oa British sutumetsa ka Boers (hona joale lihoai li Madache) ka State ea Free le profinseng Transvaal, felisa bokhoba. Ka XIX lekholong la lilemo la lintoa tshimololang pakeng tsa Boers le Brithani.

Ka 1910 ho bōptjoa Union of South Africa e le karolo ea likolone tsa Brithani. Ka 1948, Mokha oa National (Boer) hapa likhetho le beha apareteiti puso, e arola baahi ba ka ba batsho le ba basweu. Apareteiti deprives baahi ba batsho tsa hoo e ka bang tsohle litokelo, esita le baahi. Ka 1961 naha ea e-ba ikemetseng Republic of South Africa me qetellong felisa apareteiti puso.

baahi

Rephabliking ea Afrika Borwa ke lehae la batho ba ka bang limilione tse 52. EGP South Africa haholo susumetsoa ea ho hlophisoa merabe ea baahi. Le sebaka sa eona 'me morui, lirafshoa tsa tšimo puso khahloa Europe.

Joale Afrika Boroa bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 10% ea baahi ba merabe e tšoeu Europe - Afrikaners le Anglo-Maafrika, bao e leng litloholo tsa bajaki colonialist. Negroid peiso ke Zulu, Tsonga, Sotho, Tswana, Xhosa. Ba ka 80%, tse setseng 10% - mulattos, Maindia le Asia. Maindia ho fetisisa ke litloholo tsa basebetsi ba tlisoa ho Africa ho hola 'moba.

Population ipolelang litumelo fapaneng ea bolumeli. Boholo ba baahi ba Bakreste. Ba tšehetsa kereke Zionist, Pentekonta, raliphetoho Madache, Mak'hatholike, Methodists. Hoo e ka bang 15% ba latola boteng ba Molimo, 1 feela% - Mamosleme.

lipuo tse 11 tsa molao ea liketso tse ka hare ho naha. Ka ho fetisisa ratoa har'a bona ke Senyesemane le Seafrikanse. : Male bala le ho ngola ke 87%, basali - 85,5%. Le lefatseng la tsa naha e ae phethang sebaka 143rd ya ka dipehelo tsa thuto.

maemo a tlhaho le mehlodi ya

Rephabliking ea Afrika Borwa hlahiswa mefuta eohle ea naha e fapaneng le libaka tlelaemete: ho tloha le haufi le tropike ho ea lehoatata. Drakensberg Mountains, teng karolong e ka bochabela, e tsamaeang hantle ka sehlabeng sa. Mona hola le lipula le meru tropike. Ka boroa ke sa Cape Mountains. E lebōpong la Atlantic ke Namib Lehoatata, hammoho le lebōpo ka leboea ea Orange River otlolla tsa Kalahari Lehoatata.

Ho pholletsa le naha ho na le mehloli ea bohlokoa ea matlotlo matsoai. Mona ka khauta, zirconium, chromite, litaemane. Afrika Boroa, ke mehloli ea tšepe, polatinamo le uraniamo tšepe, phosphorites, mashala. Ho na le mobung ea zinki, thini, koporo le tšepe seoelo kang thaethaniamo antimony, le vanadium.

moruo

Features EGP South Africa e fetohile ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa tsoelo-pele ea moruo ea sechaba. 80% ya dihlahiswa tšepe hlahiswa k'honthinenteng ea, 60% tsoa ho lefapha meepo. South Africa ke naha ho fetisisa pele k'honthinenteng ea, ho sa tsotellehe sena, ka tekanyo ho hloka mosebetsi ke 23%.

Ho fetisisa ea baahi ba e hiriloe ka lefapha la tšebeletso. Mokga wa liindasteri sebelisang ka bang 25% ea baahi, 10% e temo. South Africa e na le hantle ntshetswa pele lefapha la lichelete, puisano, motlakase. Ho na le mehloli e khōlō ea lirafshoa, tse molemo ka ho fetisisa pele meepo le ke diyantle tsa mashala.

Har'a tse khōlō mafapha oa temo ke ho liphoofolo tse ruiloeng (ho ikatisa limpshe, lipōli, linku, likhoho, likhomo), viticulture, meru, lihlapi (Hake, leoatle Bass, anchovy, mokrel, mackerel, tsa cod le, joalo-joalo), lijalo. Republic Lihlahisoa mefuta e fetang 140 ea litholoana le meroho.

Badirisani ka sehloohong khoebo ke China, ea US, Jeremane, Brithani, Netherlands, India le Switzerland. Har'a badirisani African a moruo - Mozambique, Nigeria le Zimbabwe.

Naha e na le hantle ntshetswa pele lipalangoang tsamaiso, beha leano tšoanelang lekhetho, ntshetsopele ya banka le inshorense khoebo.

lintlha tse thahasellisang

• Ea lefatše ho ea pele le atlehileng. pelo transplant ka Cape Town entse ngaka Christiaan Barnard ka 1967.
• Beisine khōlō ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e ka River Vaal mona Afrika Borwa. Ho ile ha thehoa ka ho akhela ka meteorite tonanahali.
• Cullinan taemane bekha 621 g, e ile ea fumanoa ka 1905 ka merafong ea Afrika Boroa. O ke kholo ka ho fetisisa ka lehakoe polanete ea.

• Ena ke naha African feela hore ha ho matleng a ea World boraro.
• E ne e le mona ka lekhetlo la pele a peterole tloha mashala.
• Ka naha ea naha e ntse e hōla ka 18 000 dimela letsoalloa le ke lehae la mefuta 900 ea linonyana.
• South Africa ke naha ea pele e ka boithaopo hlobohile libetsa tsa nyutlelie le teng.
• Palo e khōlō ea mesaletsa e teng sebakeng se South African karoo ab to yesudas.

bofello

Likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa EGP South Africa - tšimo diseke ee, e le le sehokelo haholo hore a leoatle, e leng sebaka haufi le tsela leoatle tlohang Europe le Asia le Bochabela bo Hōle. Boholo ba baahi ba sebetsang ka lefapha la tšebeletso. Ka lebaka la mehloli e khōlō ea lirafshoa ka indasteri ea South African meepo e hantle ntshetswa pele. Baahi e 5 feela% ya baahi ba Afrika, ha ho le jwalo, ke naha e ngata tse tsoetseng pele k'honthinenteng ena. Ka lebaka la boemo ba lona moruo, South Africa o boemong bo matla lefatšeng.