20 amino acid ya moralo wa, e leng lebitso tafole

Ho na lekunutu hore motho eo ho boloka boemo bo phahameng ba ho hlokahale protheine - e mosa ea ho haha lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa dinama tse nyenyane tse 'mele; tsa protheine e na le amino acid 20, mabitso a lona a ho ke ke ha etsahala hore ba tla re, mosebetsi ea tloaelehileng e ofisi. Mong le e mong motho, haholo-holo haeba re bua ka basali, kile ua utloela ka collagen le keratin - liprotheine hore ba na le boikarabelo bakeng sa ponahalo ea manala, letlalo le moriri.

-amino acid - ke eng?

-amino acid (kapa acid e aminocarboxylic; AMK; peptides) - manyolo komponeng ka 16% e entsoeng ka amines - manyolo derivatives ya ammonium, - hore distinguishes ba tloha lik'habohaedreite le lipids. Ba ameha ka biosynthesis tsa protheine ka 'mele: tsamaisong ea tshilong ya dijo ka tlas'a tšusumetso ea enzyme, kaofela ha liprotheine tse tlang ho tloha lijo li robehileng theoha ka AMC. Tsohle tsa tlhaho, ho na le ka bang 200 peptides, empa ka kaho ea 'mele oa motho ho akarelletsa 20 bohlokwa acid tsohle amino, tse arotswe bohlokwa le nonessential; ka linako tse ling ho na le ke mofuta boraro - poluzamenimye (tsitlella exchangeable).

nonessential amino acid

Nonessential amino acid le ba hore ba bobeli chesa le lijo, 'me ba ikatisa ka ho toba ka' mele oa motho ho tloha lintho tse ling.

• Alanine - monomer ke palo e khōlō ea metsoako tsa likokoana-hloko le liprotheine. Nkang e mong oa 'muso o hlaheletseng gluconeogenesis pampitšana, i.e. ka sebete e sokolohela tsoekere ea phaellana, le motlatsi le lengwe. Setho se seng haholo mafolofolo le thulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka 'mele.
• Arginine - AMC hore ka tsa maiketsetso 'meleng oa motho e moholo, empa ha ea nang le bokhoni ea tswakana' meleng oa ngoana. E khothalletsa batho ho hlahisa ea ho hōla-hormone le ba bang. Feela microcyteme ba metsoako ea naetrojene 'meleng. Kgothaletsa eketsehileng mesifa boima le fokotseha mafura.
• Asparagine - e peptide amehang metabolism naetrojene. Nakong ba itšoara joang le potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le asparaginase cleaves ea ammonia le e fetoloa acid e aspartic.
• Aspartic acid e - kopanelang papaling ea ho ho bōpa immunoglobulin deactivates ammonia. Hlokahala ha malfunctions tsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo le pelo le methapo.
• Histidine - sebediswa bakeng sa ho thibela le kalafo ea mafu a gastrointestinal; E na le mokhoa o positive ho loantša AIDS. Sireletsa 'mele ho tloha liphello tse kotsi tsa ho imeloa kelellong.
• Glycine - neuromediatory amino acid e. Sebelisoa e le sedative a bonolo le moemeli antidepressant. Ho kgothaletsa phello ea lithethefatsi tse itseng neuroprotective.
• Glutamine - ka bophahamo ba modumo kgolo ke karolo ea hemoglobin. Activator tsa dithulaganyo tsa dinama tse nyenyane tse ho lokisa.
• Glutamic acid e - nang le neuromediator e le hantle, le ho di hlohleletsago le thulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka CNS.
• Proline - ke e nngwe ya dikarolo tsa hoo e batlang e le liprotheine tsohle. Ba haholo-holo ruileng elastin le collagen, ke eena ea ikarabellang bakeng sa elasticity letlalo.
• Serine - AMC, eo e leng ka methapo ea kutlo ea boko, 'me hape o kgothaletsa ho lokolloa ha e ngata ea matla. Ke sehlahisoa sa glycine.
• Tyrosine - ka karolo ea phoofolo e le dimela lisele. E ka ikatisa tloha phenylalanine le potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale phenylalanine hydroxylase; tshebetso khutlisetsang se hlahile.
• Cysteine - e mong oa metsoako ea keratin le boikarabelo bakeng sa ho tiea le elasticity ea moriri, manala le letlalo. O ile a boela ke antioxidant. E ka hlahiswa ho tloha serine.

-amino acid tse sa khone ho synthesize 'meleng - bohlokwa

-amino acid bohlokwa ba elang tse sa khone ho hlahisa ho 'mele oa motho le khonang ho se etsa feela le lijo.

• Valine - AMC, e leng hoo e batlang e tsohle liprotheine. Ho ntlafatsa tšebelisano ea mesifa e le ho fokotsa nahanela ea 'mele ea ho liphetoho mocheso. Ho tshehetsa hormone serotonin phahameng.
• Isoleucine - e anabolic tsa tlhaho hore nakong ea ho kena moea oa matla boosting mesifa le boko dinama tse nyenyane tse.
• Leucine - e amino acid e, e leng ntlafatsa metabolism. Ho e mosa ea "sehahi" ea sebopeho protheine.
• Tsena AMC tse tharo ho matleng a ho thoeng BCAA rarahaneng, haholo-holo atile har'a baatlelete. Dintho tsa ketso sehlopha sena e le mohloli ya eketseha mesifa boima, fokotsa boima mafura le ho lula re bophelo bo botle ka ho ikoetlisa haholo-holo e matla.
• Lysine - peptide hatela pele ka matla nchafatso ea lisele, tlhahiso-hormone, potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le lisireletsi. Ke eena ea ikarabellang bakeng sa matla a lijaneng tsa leng e mesifa protheine le collagen.
• Methionine - pronimaet ameha ka tswakana tsa choline, lebaka la ho hloka e leng se ka etsang hore e ile ea eketseha ho bokella mafura a sebete.
• Threonine - fana ka elasticity le matla la tendons. A phello e ntle haholo ka mesifa pelo le leino enamel.
• Tryptophan - tšehetsa puso ea maikutlo, e le 'mele o fetola ka serotonin. Ke ba bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho tepella maikutlo le maloetse a tse ling tse a kelello.
• Phenylalanine - ntlafatsa ponahalo ea letlalo, normalizes pigmentation. Ho tshehetsa kelello boiketlo, ho ntlafatsa feto-fetoha le ho tlisa ho hlaka ho kelello.

mekhoa e meng ea tlhophiso ea peptides

Lehlakoreng la saense la 20 bohlokwa amino acid tse classified e thehiloeng polarity tsa ketane lehlakoreng, ke hore, ho radicals. Kahoo, lihlopha tse 'nè tse hlaheletseng: bao e seng Polar, Polar (empa uncharged), ka sebele a qosoa' me a hlonamisitsoe qosoa.

Nonpolar ke: valine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glycine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, proline. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, polar, ho ba le qoso e mpe kenyeletsa acid e aspartic le glutamic. Polar, ho ba le qoso e ntle, e bitswang arginine, histidine, lysine. Bakeng sa-amino acid le polarity empa ba se nang qoso ngotsoe ka kotloloho cysteine, glutamine, serine, tyrosine, threonine, asparagine.

20 amino acid ya moralo wa (Lethathamo Ke)

E Thehiloe ho ena, ho ka ho hlokomela hore tsohle 20 amino acid (moralo ka tafole ka holimo) li entsoe ka k'habone, hydrogen, naetrojene le oksijene.

-amino acid: ho ba le seabo mosebetsing oa li-cell

acid Aminocarboxylic ameha likokoana-hloko tswakana protheine. protheine biosynthesis - the ketsiso tsa polypeptide ( "poly mag" - haholo) ketane ea litlhaka kahare amino acid e. tshebetso me a ribosome e - organelle ka hare ho ka seleng, ka ho toba le boikarabelo ba ho biosynthesis.

Information e bala ho tloha DNA Strand karolo ka lebaka la complementarity (A-T, C-G), ha a bōpa mRNA (lenģosa RNA kapa mRNA - lenģosa RNA - ka ho tsoana bopa dikgopolo tsa) nitrogenous botlaaseng thymine e nkeloa sebaka ke uracil. Ebe tsohle ka tsela e tšoanang baka tRNA (phetiso RNA), tsamaisa ea limolek'hule amino acid e ho site ya go tlhama. T-RNA coded ke triplets (codons) (mohlala: Khele), 'me haeba u tseba hore na makalana nitrogenous emeloang ke triplet ka, u ka bona mofuta ofe acid e amino e nkang.

lihlopha lijo le dikahare phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya AMK

Ka lihlahisoa tsa lebese le mahe a ba le lintho tse joalo tsa bohlokoa, tse kang valine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, tryptophan, methionine le phenylalanine. Tlhapi, nama e tšoeu e na le dikahare tse phahameng tsa valine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan. Legumes, lijo-thollo le lijo-thollo ruileng valine, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, methionine. Nuts le dipeo e sa tšoaneng Khotsofatsa mele le threonine, isoleucine, lysine, arginine le histidine.

Mona ka tlase ke le amino acid e dikahare ka bang lihlahisoa.

Palo e khōlō ea tryptophan le methionine ka lemoha ka chisi tiileng, lysine - ka nama mmutla, valine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, le - ka linaoa. Ha go kokoanya dintlhakhutlogo seratsoana e thehiloeng ho boloka ya AMC tloaelehileng, o lokela ho lefa a lebisa tlhokomelo ho squid le lierekisi, le futsanehileng ka ho fetisisa ho latela diteng tsa peptides ho ka bitsoa litapole le lebese khomo le.

Ho hloka-amino acid le vegetarianism

Hore ho na le joalo amino acid, tse leng feela ka lihlahisoa phoofolo, - tšōmo. Ho feta moo, bafuputsi ba ile ba fumana hore semela-nkiloeng protheine e ananelang 'mele oa motho li molemo ho feta phoofolo. Leha ho le joalo, ha a khetha vegetarianism ka phelang ka eona e le ntho ea bohlokoa haholo ho latela lijo. Bothata e ka sehloohong ke hore dikgerama lekholo tsa nama ka ka tsela e lekanang tsa linaoa leng palo e fapaneng ya Bun ka Peresente. Qalong, u lokela ho boloka tlaleho ea amino acid e dikahare tsa lijo chesa, ka nako eo sena lokela ho tlile ho automatism.

Ho palo ea-amino acid lokela ho chesa ka letsatsi

Lefatšeng la kajeno le, ka ho feletseng hore lijo tsohle li na le limatlafatsi tse ngata ho hlokahala hore motho a, kahoo u se ke ua tšoenyeha: ea 20 protheine amino acid tsohle ka tsela e sireletsehileng fihla ka lijo, 'me palo ena e lekane bakeng sa motho ea ho phela bophelo bo tloaelehileng' me e nyenyane Tracking dijo tsa hao.

The seratsoana sa moatlelete e ke ho hlokahala hore ho Khotsofatsa protheine, hobane ba se na tsona ho hang ha khoneha ho haha mesifa boima. Ho ikoetlisa ho etsa hore motho ya ditjeo tsa ea tonanahali amino setokong, kahoo bodybuilders litsebi ba tlameha ho nka a tlatsana le e khethehileng. Le matla e na le mohaho mesifa ea liphallelo e palo ya protheine e ka ba ligrama tse ho fihlela ho makholo a mong oa protheine ka letsatsi, empa seratsoana sena ha se a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya letsatsi le letsatsi. Leha e le efe tlatsetsa lijo e akarelletsa litaelo le diteng tsa AMC fapaneng ka lethal dose e le hore ba lokela ho ho baloa pele ho sebelisa sehlahiswa.

Phello ea peptides ka tse tloaelehileng tsa batho boleng bophelo

Ho hlokahala hore le protheine e teng eseng feela ka baatlelete. Ka mohlala, liprotheine elastin, keratin, collagen ama ponahalo ea moriri, letlalo le lipekere, hammoho le ho fetoha le maemo 'me tsamaiso manonyello. ba bangata ba-amino acid ama dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka 'mele, ho boloka ho leka-lekana ea mafura boemong e homolog, ho fana ka matla a lekaneng bakeng sa bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Ha e le hantle, ka ho tshebetso ya ho bophelo bo esita le ka tsela ea ho fetisisa etseng letho la bophelo hloka matla, bonyane bakeng sa ho hema. Ho phaella moo ha khoneha le dikopanothutano mesebetsi le khaello ea peptides itseng; tokiso ya boemo-tlhaloganyo maikutlo o etsoang ho tsoa e ho akarelletsa le ka AMC.

-amino acid le Sports

The lijo tsa baatlelete litsebi fana ka maikutlo a lijo ka tsela e phethahetseng e leka-lekaneng, e thusang ho boloka mesifa molumo. Ho hlile ho etsa a inolofaletse bophelo bakeng sa mehahong amino acid e, tse reretsoeng ho toba bakeng sa baatlelete ba sebetsang ka sete ya mesifa boima.

Joalokaha ho se ho o ile a re pele, amino acid - tsa motheo tsa diboloko tse ahang liprotheine hlokahalang bakeng sa khōlo e mesifa. Hape, ba ba khona ho potlakisa metabolism le chesa mafura, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa e ntle mesifa ea liphallelo e le tsona. Ha koetliso ea ho thata ke ho hlokahala hore ho eketsa tshebediso ya tsa AMC e loketseng ha e le hantle e le hore ba ka eketsa lebelo la kgolo ya mesifa le ho fokotsa bohloko ka mor'a ho ikoetlisa.

20 amino acid ka liprotheine ka chesa e le karolo ea amino mehahong, hammoho le ho tloha le lijo. Haeba u khetha ho ja ka e leka-lekaneng, ka nako eo o lokela ho nahana ka sohle grammovki hore ha ho bonolo ho hlokomela le mojaro o boima oa letsatsi.

Ho etsahala'ng ka 'mele oa motho ha ho e-ba le khaello kapa feteletseng ea-amino acid

Matšoao o ka sehloohong oa ho hloka-amino acid tse: ikutloa se monate, tahlehelo ea takatso ea lijo, brittle manala, mokhathala. Esita le AMC kgaello 'ngoe ho kopana le palo e khōlō ea litla thabiseng lehlakoreng lane haholo tsa fokodisa bophelo bo botle le tlhahiso.

Glut ea-amino acid ka 'na lebisa ho tšitiso ka tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo le methapo, e leng, le eena, a ke kotsi se ka tlase. Ka matšoao a hae ba retelehelang tšoanang le chefo lijo ka etsahala, tseo le tsona ha e akarelletsa ntho efe kapa efe e khahlisang.

Bohle ba lokela ho tseba ha hore ba khaotse ho, kahoo ho khomareloe phelang ka eona e ka bophelo bo botle lokela ho etsa hore ho e oversupply tse itseng dintho "le thuso" ka 'mele. Ha a ntse a ile a ngola a khale, "molemo ka ho fetisisa -. Sera sa se molemo"

A sehloohong sena a re hlahloba ka lipolelo le mabitso a bohle 20 amino acid, tafole e khōlō ea litaba tse ka hare ka dihlahiswa AMK fanoeng ka holimo.